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DC Planetary Gear Motor

DC Planetary Gear Motor — Brushless & Brushed DC Planetary Drives, 12V to 72V, 0.5–300 N·m.

Planetary gearing earns its premium when torque density, low backlash, and a compact coaxial envelope all matter on the same axis. Shenghe manufactures both brushless DC (BLDC) and brushed DC planetary gear motors under one roof in Cixi, Ningbo — sun + planet + ring-gear sets cut on the same gear-hobbing line, the same 20CrMnTi case-hardened steel and AGMA Q9–Q11 quality grade across brushed and brushless families, the same dyno-test bench at end-of-line.

  • Voltage 12V / 24V / 36V / 48V / 72V DC — both brushed and brushless
  • Ratios 3:1 to 500:1, 1-stage to 3-stage planetary
  • Output torque 0.5 N·m to 300 N·m, frames 22 / 28 / 42 / 57 / 86 / 115 mm
  • Backlash 5–30 arc-min standard; <5 arc-min Q12 ground gears on request
  • Sample 7–10 days, production 2–3 weeks ex-Cixi factory
50-Person Cixi (Ningbo) Factory
ISO 9001 + CE + RoHS
3:1–500:1 1 / 2 / 3-Stage Planetary
0.5–300 N·m Output Torque Envelope
20 min from Ningbo-Zhoushan Port
Shenghe DC planetary gear motor — compact coaxial envelope with brushless DC motor and 1-stage or 2-stage planetary gearbox, output flange and shaft visible on the gearbox side.
L-type DC planetary gear motor with 2-stage planetary gearbox — brushless DC motor housing, planetary gear set, output shaft.
One Page To Decide DC Planetary

Pick Brushed-vs-Brushless, The Stage Count, And The Frame Size.

Most DC planetary buyers haven't finished deciding when they land here. They know they want a DC motor (battery, DC bus, mobile equipment) and they know they want planetary gearing (compact + low backlash + high torque density). What they still have to figure out is: brushed or brushless, 1-stage or 2-stage or 3-stage, which motor frame, and which voltage. This page walks all four decisions in order, then routes to the voltage-specific SKU pages.

  • Decision 1 — BLDC vs brushed DC planetary (12 dimensions including service life, efficiency, noise, control complexity, upfront cost premium, breakeven duty cycle)
  • Decision 2 — Stage count (1 / 2 / 3 stages → ratio band, backlash band, efficiency band)
  • Decision 3 — Frame size (22 / 28 / 42 / 57 / 86 / 115 mm → continuous torque envelope)
  • Decision 4 — Voltage (12V / 24V / 36V / 48V / 72V → links to existing SKU page)
Decision 1 — Commutation Type

Brushless DC Planetary vs Brushed DC Planetary.

Same planetary gearbox, different motor commutation. Pick brushless when continuous-duty hours and clean environments matter; pick brushed when upfront cost and intermittent duty justify the trade-off.

Dimension BLDC Planetary Brushed DC Planetary
Commutation Electronic, Hall sensor or sensorless Mechanical carbon brushes + commutator
Service life 20,000+ hours (bearing-limited) 2,000–5,000 hours (brush-limited)
Efficiency 85–92% 70–80%
Brush dust None — clean-room and food-grade compatible Carbon dust generated; not suitable for clean-room, food or medical without extra sealing
Acoustic noise Lower (motor side <55 dBA at 1 m with Q12 gears) Higher (brush + commutator contact noise)
Control method Matched controller required (BLD22010 / BLD6010 / BLDB6010) Apply DC voltage directly; optional PWM speed control
Closed-loop feedback Hall sensor or encoder native; FOC servo grade available External encoder required; speed regulation via voltage / PWM
Starting torque Up to 3–4× continuous-duty (electronically limited) Up to 5–6× continuous-duty (current-limited by brush rating)
EMI emissions Higher (PWM switching) — needs EMC filtering for CE class Lower (no PWM); brush arcing produces broadband RFI
Upfront cost ~30–60% premium over brushed equivalent Baseline reference
Maintenance Sealed-for-life (motor + gearbox) Brush replacement every 2,000–5,000 h; commutator dressing
Best-fit duty cycle Continuous-duty >2,000 h/year, clean environments, precision motion Intermittent-duty <2,000 h/year, basic control, cost-sensitive applications

Breakeven rule of thumb: for continuous-duty applications above 100 W or 2,000+ hours/year operation, BLDC pays back its premium in maintenance avoidance and energy savings inside 12–18 months. For low-volume consumer products or intermittent-duty actuators below 100 W, brushed DC stays cost-competitive.

Decision 2 — Planetary Stage Count

1-Stage, 2-Stage Or 3-Stage Planetary.

Each planetary stage adds reduction range, but trades backlash budget and efficiency. Pick the lowest stage count that hits the ratio you need.

Stages Ratio range Backlash (Q9–Q11) Efficiency Typical use
1-stage 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 8:1, 10:1 5–10 arc-min ~94% Robot end-effectors, drone gimbals, precision optics, AGV steering
2-stage 12:1 to 100:1 (12 / 16 / 20 / 25 / 30 / 40 / 50 / 64 / 80 / 100) 10–20 arc-min ~88% AGV traction, medical pumps, robot joints, packaging registration
3-stage 125:1 to 500:1 (125 / 160 / 200 / 250 / 320 / 400 / 500) 15–30 arc-min ~82% Heavy-load AGV lift drives, valve actuators, sluice gates, low-speed industrial actuators

Precision applications: Q12 ground gears (DIN 6) drop single-stage backlash below 5 arc-min and two-stage below 10 arc-min. Specify Q12 + IP65 sealing together for backlash stability over 10,000+ service hours. Above 500:1: planetary is typically paired with a second gearing stage (e.g., planetary + worm hybrid) for very high reduction — quoted per project.

Decision 3 — Motor Frame & Torque Envelope

Motor Frame Size Determines The Continuous-Duty Torque.

Indicative torque envelopes per frame size. Continuous-duty torque, not peak. Send the specific application + duty cycle to the inline RFQ for a dyno-validated recommendation.

Frame Motor power (BLDC) Output torque envelope Best-fit applications
22 mm 10–30 W 0.5–8 N·m (across 5:1–100:1) Drone gimbal, robot finger, lab sample handler, dental tool
28 mm 20–50 W 1.5–25 N·m Medical syringe pump, optical instrument focus drive, robot end-effector
42 mm 50–150 W 5–80 N·m Robot joint, semiconductor wafer handler, packaging registration, light AGV steering
57 mm 100–400 W 12–180 N·m AGV traction (light/medium), e-bike mid-drive, automatic valve actuator, mobility scooter
86 mm 300–1,000 W 40–280 N·m AGV traction (heavy), e-rickshaw drive, sluice gate actuator, conveyor drive
115 mm 1–3 kW 80–300 N·m (gearbox-housing-limited above 300 N·m) Heavy AGV lift drive, industrial actuator, electric forklift attachment, large valve actuator
Decision 4 — Voltage Variants

Browse By Voltage — Links To Existing SKU Pages.

Each voltage links to the voltage-specific BLDC planetary SKU page. Brushed DC variants share the same gearbox spec — confirm at quote stage.

Voltage Typical applications Power band BLDC controller SKU page
12V DC Lab automation, medical pumps, optical instruments, drone gimbals 10–200 W BLD22010 12V BLDC Planetary →
24V DC AGV (light), packaging machinery, automatic doors, robot joints 50–500 W BLD22010 24V BLDC Planetary →
36V DC E-bike mid-drive, mobility scooter, light e-mobility 250–800 W BLD22010 BLDC Planetary (Master) →
48V DC AGV traction (heavy), electric forklift, e-cargo, industrial actuator 500–1,500 W BLD6010 48V BLDC Planetary →
72V DC E-rickshaw drive, electric forklift, heavy AGV lift, industrial valve actuator 1,000–3,000 W BLD6010 BLDC Planetary (Master) →

Custom voltage: voltage taps on existing winding tooling (e.g., 48V → 36V on the same frame) available as Custom modification per /custom-bldc-motor/. Voltages outside 12V–72V (6V battery, 110V industrial DC bus) quoted per project as ODM with new winding tooling per /odm-bldc-motor/.

Applications

Where DC Planetary Gear Motors Earn Their Premium.

Application Why planetary Typical Shenghe configuration
Collaborative robot joints Compact coaxial envelope + low backlash + high torque density on each joint axis 42–57 mm BLDC, 2-stage 20:1–50:1, Q12 ground gears, encoder feedback, BLDB6010 FOC servo
AGV traction & lift drives Battery-powered DC drive in a low-profile package, high ratio for slow controlled lift 57–115 mm BLDC, 2-stage 30:1–100:1 (traction) or 3-stage 200:1–500:1 (lift), 24V/48V, IP65 sealing
Medical pumps & lab automation Sealed-for-life grease, IP54/IP65, low acoustic noise, NSF H1 lubricant option 22–42 mm BLDC, 1-stage 5:1–10:1 or 2-stage 25:1–50:1, 12V/24V, optional NSF H1 grease pack
Precision positioning Q12 ground gears bring single-stage backlash below 5 arc-min for repeatable indexing 28–57 mm BLDC, 1-stage or 2-stage Q12, BLDB6010 servo with encoder, 24V/48V
E-mobility (e-bike, e-scooter, e-rickshaw) High torque density in mid-drive package, battery-DC native, regen-braking compatible 57–115 mm BLDC, 2-stage 30:1–80:1, 36V/48V/72V, BLD6010 with regen-braking
Industrial valve / damper / sluice actuators Very high reduction for slow controlled positioning, optional self-locking 57–86 mm BLDC, 3-stage 200:1–500:1, 24V/48V, IP65 sealing, position-feedback option
Six Reasons Procurement Stays

Why Procurement Teams Stay Past The First Order.

  • BLDC + brushed DC under one roof — same gearbox spec, same 20CrMnTi 58–62 HRC steel, same Q9–Q11 AGMA grade across both motor types; you don't switch supplier when the project pivots from brushed prototype to brushless production.
  • No trader margin — direct manufacturer at Cixi, 50-person factory, single PO from PCB to dyno-tested final assembly.
  • Per-unit dyno test record — every shipped unit ships with a dyno-recorded continuous + intermittent torque + backlash + no-load current data sheet; no average-of-batch fudge.
  • Matched motor + controller kit — BLDC planetary motor + paired BLD-series controller pre-tested together; firmware parameterised at end-of-line against the motor's electrical spec, no field-tuning.
  • Audit-welcomed factory — SGS / BV / Intertek / TUV third-party audits supported; ISO 9001 + CE + RoHS on file; live video walk-through on WhatsApp for buyers who can't visit.
  • 20 minutes from Ningbo-Zhoushan port — world's #1 cargo throughput 13 years running; CIF / DAP to all major destinations through nominated forwarder network.
Send The Specification

DC Planetary Gear Motor Sizing Inquiry.

Send target torque, output rpm, voltage, duty cycle, and an application sketch — engineering will return a frame + stage + ratio recommendation with dyno-projected continuous-duty figures.

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FAQ

What Procurement And Engineering Ask Before The First PO.

What is a DC planetary gear motor?
A direct-current motor with a planetary gearbox mounted coaxially on the output shaft. Sun gear + 3 (or more) planet gears + ring gear share load across multiple meshes, giving higher torque density and lower backlash than spur or worm geared variants in the same envelope. Comes in two main types: BLDC planetary (electronically commutated, 20,000+ h service life) and brushed DC planetary (mechanically commutated, lower upfront cost). Shenghe builds both in Cixi, Ningbo.
Planetary vs spur vs worm — when does planetary win?
Pick planetary when torque density, low backlash, and compact coaxial envelope all matter on the same axis. Pick worm when single-stage high reduction (60:1+) and self-locking under load matter (lifts, automatic doors). Pick spur or helical when cost dominates and torque/backlash specs are forgiving.
BLDC planetary vs brushed DC planetary — what's the breakeven?
BLDC premium is ~30–60% over brushed. Continuous-duty >2,000 h/year recovers the premium in 12–18 months through maintenance avoidance + energy savings. Below 100 W intermittent-duty, brushed stays cost-competitive.
What planetary ratios and stages are available?
1-stage: 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 8:1, 10:1 (backlash 5–10 arc-min, ~94% eff). 2-stage: 12:1 to 100:1 (10 ratios, backlash 10–20 arc-min, ~88% eff). 3-stage: 125:1 to 500:1 (7 ratios, backlash 15–30 arc-min, ~82% eff). Custom intermediate ratios on existing gear blanks, 50-unit MOQ.
What output torque can I get?
0.5–8 N·m on 22 mm frame; 1.5–25 N·m on 28 mm; 5–80 N·m on 42 mm; 12–180 N·m on 57 mm; 40–280 N·m on 86 mm; 80–300 N·m on 115 mm. Gearbox housing strength limits the upper bound around 300 N·m on the 115 mm class.
Backlash spec — can I get sub-5-arc-min for precision motion?
Yes — Q12 ground gears (DIN 6) drop single-stage backlash below 5 arc-min, two-stage below 10 arc-min. Specify Q12 + IP65 sealing together so contamination doesn't accelerate tooth wear over 10,000+ service hours.
Voltage range?
Standard: 12V / 24V / 36V / 48V / 72V DC. Custom voltage tap on existing tooling: see /custom-bldc-motor/. Voltages outside 12V–72V (6V battery, 110V DC bus): see /odm-bldc-motor/.
Do you ship matched motor + controller kits for BLDC planetary?
Yes — 24V/36V BLDC planetary + BLD22010; 48V/72V BLDC planetary + BLD6010; servo BLDC planetary + BLDB6010 FOC with encoder. Pre-paired and dyno-tested at end-of-line, firmware parameterised against the motor, no field-tuning required. See /products/motor-controller/.
MOQ and lead time?
Sample 1 unit, 7–10 days. Production 100 units, 2–3 weeks. Custom ratio 50–100 units, 3–4 weeks. Custom modification 100–300 units, 6–8 weeks. ODM 200–500 units, 12–20 weeks. Volume tier pricing for distributors: see /bldc-motor-wholesale/.
Payment and shipping?
T/T 30% deposit on PO confirmation + 70% balance against B/L copy. L/C at sight on orders >USD 30k. PayPal on samples <USD 1k. Tooling milestones for ODM. EXW Cixi / FOB Ningbo / CIF / CFR / DAP / DDP available. Ningbo-Zhoushan port 20 min away.